封锁
免疫疗法
免疫检查点
医学
临床试验
肿瘤科
癌症免疫疗法
癌症研究
癌症
PD-L1
免疫学
内科学
受体
作者
Suzanne L. Topalian,Janis M. Taube,Drew M. Pardoll
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2020-01-31
卷期号:367 (6477)
被引量:571
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.aax0182
摘要
Cancer immunotherapies that target the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1):programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway have ushered in the modern oncology era. Drugs that block PD-1 or PD-L1 facilitate endogenous antitumor immunity and, because of their broad activity spectrum, have been regarded as a common denominator for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, many advanced tumors demonstrate de novo or acquired treatment resistance, and ongoing research efforts are focused on improving patient outcomes. Using anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 treatment against earlier stages of cancer is hypothesized to be one such solution. This Review focuses on the development of neoadjuvant (presurgical) immunotherapy in the era of PD-1 pathway blockade, highlighting particular considerations for biological mechanisms, clinical trial design, and pathologic response assessments. Findings from neoadjuvant immunotherapy studies may reveal pathways, mechanisms, and molecules that can be cotargeted in new treatment combinations to increase anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 efficacy.
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