Integrated QZS Isolator and Energy Harvester for Bridge Vibration Isolation and Self-Powered Monitoring

To address the challenges of improving vibration isolator performance and reducing energy waste, this paper proposes a double nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness triboelectric nanogenerator isolator (DNQZS-TENGI) integrated with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). By establishing a theoretical model of the DNQZS-TENGI and conducting static analysis, an electromechanical coupling equation is derived, and the model’s validity is verified through theoretical methods and numerical simulations. An experimental platform was also set up to conduct basic tests on the vibration response and power generation performance of the isolator. The experimental results show that, compared to a single nonlinear QZS isolator, the DNQZS-TENGI can reduce the resonance peak by 19.24% and lower the initial isolation frequency by 8.3%, significantly enhancing isolation performance. Additionally, the DNQZS-TENGI not only enables energy harvesting but also suppresses the resonance peak through the increased frictional damping introduced by the TENG, reducing the transmissibility peak by 31%, thereby effectively improving vibration isolation. The DNQZS-TENGI can power temperature and humidity sensors, illuminate 59 LEDs, and achieve self-powered wireless voltage data transmission via Bluetooth. This study successfully develops a high-performance DNQZS-TENGI device for low-frequency vibration, demonstrating significant application potential in fields such as bridge engineering.