Implicational universals,markedness and grammatical hierarchies in contemporary typology have been widely applied in the field of second language acquisition(SLA),focusing on the prediction and interpretation of acquisition features in interlanguage phonology and syntax.Research has shown a relatively high predictive validity of typological universals for interlanguage;typology-based interlanguage studies have also lent implications to SLA research in general,interlanguage linguistics construction and foreign language teaching.