Biotechnology is introduced to the problem of expansive clay improvement. Some stronger life force microorganism, which can eliminate or lessen swell-shrinking property of expensive clay and promote the benign development of natural ecological environment, is culled according to the different type of expansive clay. Through investigating, the result shows that the thickness of contractile skin of expansive clay can be weakened and the shearing strength of expansive clay can be enhanced by utilizing certain microorganism characteristics, which include filtration performance, hydrophobic function or changing electric characteristics of the soil mineral surface.