The study aimed to establish a high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) detection method of trimethoprim. Methods: Samples were extracted with acetonitrile for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Liquid column was ODS-C3 column, acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid water as mobile phase, gradient elution,flow rate 200 μL/min; mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring scanning technology (multi reaction monitoring), trimethoprim using positive ion mode, monitoring ion of the m/z 291 m/z 230.2, m/z 291 m/z 230.2. Results: Trimethoprim detection limit was found to be 1.0 μg/kg, with the linear range of 0 -500 ng/mL, and recoveries was in the range between 81.7 to 98.0%. Conclusion: The use of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry determination of aquatic products in the detection of trimethoprim residual was a fast detection method, which has high selectivity, sensitivity, and was especially suitable for the detection of large amount of laboratory samples, with practicability.