With 30 rice lines with different degree of heat tolerance as material, using phytotron to simulate high temperature environment under the natural condition,selecting heading stage as heat tolerance identification stage,heat tolerance coefficient is used as evaluation index of rice heat tolerance,the study researches phytotron identification method of rice heat tolerance.The result shows that this method can simulate high temperature environment under the natural condition and accurately control temperature,humidity and light condition,the repeatability is good and the result is accurate.