To guarantee the neoplastic transformation,proliferation,invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, an abnormally acidic microenvironment which is not fit for the living of normal cells is induced and kept by tumor cells through the abnormal energy metabolism and self-regulation of specific proteins. It is helpful to find out highly effective and low toxic therapeutic approach by further investigation on the generation mechanism of the tumor acidic microenvironment, its effect on bioactivity of tumor cells, and the role of integrated traditional and Western medicine in anti-tumor therapy by targeting acidic microenvironment. Acidic microenvironment will become a new therapeutic target for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in anti-tumor research.