Janus Fiber-Based Membrane for Humid Condition Filtration with Concurrent Air Filtration and Directional Water Transport

) at a low pressure drop (87 Pa), along with a high directional water transport capacity (819%). The membrane also maintains excellent filtration performance under high airflow velocities, elevated particle concentrations, and humid conditions. These combined properties make it a promising filter core for personal protective equipment (PPE) and next-generation breathable and moisture-managing fibrous membranes.