3D fractal model with experimental analysis for assessing surface topography in EDM

Abstract This work presents a novel three-dimensional fractal model designed specifically for morphological analysis of specimens made by the EDM. Within the 3D fractal framework, an algorithm is developed to estimate fractal parameters such as fractal dimension and periodic length. AISI 316 stainless steel, dielectric media, electrode materials, and powder variations were used in experimental trials to validate the 3D fractal model. Fixed pulse time ratios were used to control the EDM process. The specimen having the lowest fractal dimension, the shortest periodic length, the least amount of surface roughness, and the least amount of ten-point height was discovered to be the one machined using kerosene oil dielectric, brass electrode, graphite powder, and 1.0 pulse ratio time. On the other hand, the specimen machined using copper electrode, graphite powder, transformer oil dielectric, and 1.5 pulse ratio time produced the largest periodic length, maximum surface roughness, fractal dimension, and ten-point height. The developed 3D fractal model evaluates the EDM process well and provides insightful information on how to improve surface properties.