A switchable dynamic-static tactile system for augmented haptic secret communication

Tactility bridges humans and the external world. Although human skin's tactile receptors provide comprehensive perception, developing a biomimetic tactile system with both dynamic and static functions and rapid conversion remains a challenge. Here, we report a switchable dynamic-static tactile system. It features a rapid 1-millisecond transition between dynamic and static modes via light modulation, an all-in-one structure for simplicity and practicality, a remarkable balance of high sensitivity (198.45 per kilopascal) and wide pressure range (0.0137 to 207 kilopascals), a tunable sensitivity, and a sensing-feedback closed loop. The dynamic mode responds to vibrations, and the static mode responds to static pressure and superposition. In various real-world potential scenarios such as object detection and perception under vibration interference and human-computer interaction, it shows excellent performance. A closed-loop system with feedback and deep learning achieves user-encrypted Morse code haptic secret communication, paving the way for advancements in intelligence and virtual/augmented reality.