Polybenzimidazole Membranes Doped with Sulfonic Acid-Containing Covalent Organic Frameworks and Polymers for Enhanced Performance in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

. The integration of PBI with the sulfonic acid-bearing COFs and COPs enhances the membranes' electrochemical performance as well as their chemical stability, ensuring long-term cycle durability. This work presents a promising approach for designing ultrahigh-proton-selective membranes, offering valuable insights for advanced redox flow batteries and other electrochemical systems.