病毒学
牛痘
罗亚
间充质干细胞
转化(遗传学)
病毒
生物
细胞生物学
遗传学
信号转导
基因
重组DNA
作者
Wei Liu,Jiayin Lu,Yajun Wang,Xinxin Xu,Yu‐Chen Chen,Sai‐Xi Yu,Xiaowei Xiang,Xuezhu Chen,Yaming Jiu,Huafang Gao,Mengyao Sheng,Zheng‐Jun Chen,Xinyao Hu,Dong Liu,Paolo Maiuri,Xinxin Huang,Tianlei Ying,Guoliang Xu,Dai‐Wen Pang,Zhiling Zhang,Baohong Liu,Yan‐Jun Liu
摘要
The emerging outbreak of monkeypox is closely associated with the viral infection and spreading, threatening global public health. Virus-induced cell migration facilitates viral transmission. However, the mechanism underlying this type of cell migration remains unclear. Here we investigate the motility of cells infected by vaccinia virus (VACV), a close relative of monkeypox, through combining multi-omics analyses and high-resolution live-cell imaging. We find that, upon VACV infection, the epithelial cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like transformation, during which they lose intercellular junctions and acquire the migratory capacity to promote viral spreading. After transformation, VACV-hijacked RhoA signaling significantly alters cellular morphology and rearranges the actin cytoskeleton involving the depolymerization of robust actin stress fibers, leading-edge protrusion formation, and the rear-edge recontraction, which coordinates VACV-induced cell migration. Our study reveals how poxviruses alter the epithelial phenotype and regulate RhoA signaling to induce fast migration, providing a unique perspective to understand the pathogenesis of poxviruses.
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