Strategies for improving photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 by modulating charge separation and current research status

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has been extensively investigated over the past decade for its potential utilizations in photocatalytic energy generation and pollutant degradation. To better meeting the requirements for practical utilizations, it is crucial to address the issue of poor charge separation properties in g-C₃N₄, which origin from the strong interactions in photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In this review, we summarized the pertinent studies on developing strategies to promote the charge separation properties of g-C₃N₄. The strategies can be categorized into two categories of promoting the surface migration of charge carriers and prolonging the lifetime of surface charge. Finally, we present potential challenges in promoting charge separation and offer feasible suggestions to face these challenges.