Establishment of hairy root system of transgenic IRT1 brassica campestris L. and preliminary study of its effect on cadmium enrichment

Cadmium (Cd) is the main heavy metal pollutant in soil. The combination of genetic engineering technology and Rizobium rhizogenes mediated technology can effectively improve the enrichment efficiency of heavy metals in super accumulators and reduce soil heavy metal pollution. In this study, the transgenic hairy root system containing the IRT1 gene of Cd hyperaccumulator-Brassica campestris L. was successfully constructed by the R. rhizogenes mediated method (IRT1 gene come from Arabidopsis thaliana). The hairy roots of each subculture can grow stably within 6 weeks, and IRT1 gene will not be lost within 50 subcultures., which is detected using PCR method. The results of Cd enrichment experiments showed that after treatment with 100 µmol/L Cd for 14 days, the growth state of transgenic IRT1 hairy roots only showed slight browning. Also, the accumulation value of Cd reached 331.61 µg/g and the enrichment efficiency of transgenic IRT1 hairy roots was 13.8% higher than that of wild-type hairy roots. Western blotting results showed that the expression of IRT1 protein in transgenic hairy roots was significantly higher than that of wild-type hairy roots under Cd stress. The above results indicated that the overexpression of IRT1 gene can help B. campestris L. hairy roots to effectively cope with Cd stress and improve its ability to enrich Cd.In this study, the transgenic hairy root system containing the IRT1 gene of Cd hyperaccumulator-Brassica campestris L. was successfully constructed by the Rizobium rhizogenes mediated method. At the same time, the growth state and cadmium enrichment efficiency of transgenic hairy roots under different concentrations of Cd stress were studied. Overexpression of IRT1 gene can effectively improve the tolerance of hairy root to Cd. The enrichment efficiency of transgenic IRT1 hairy roots was 13.8% higher than that of wild-type hairy roots. The transgenic IRT1 hairy root system established in this study can be used as a reliable experimental model for the study of Cd adsorption mechanism, and can be further regenerated to obtain transgenic IRT1 B. campestris L. plants for the study of heavy metal Cd pollution remediation.