肺结核
结核分枝杆菌
免疫学
疾病
病菌
免疫系统
无症状的
人口
潜伏性肺结核
生物
医学
环境卫生
内科学
病理
作者
Anne O’Garra,Paul S. Redford,Finlay W. McNab,Chloe Bloom,Robert J. Wilkinson,Matthew Berry
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Immunology
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2013-03-21
卷期号:31 (1): 475-527
被引量:1068
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095939
摘要
There are 9 million cases of active tuberculosis reported annually; however, an estimated one-third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and remains asymptomatic. Of these latent individuals, only 5–10% will develop active tuberculosis disease in their lifetime. CD4 + T cells, as well as the cytokines IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF, are critical in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, but the host factors that determine why some individuals are protected from infection while others go on to develop disease are unclear. Genetic factors of the host and of the pathogen itself may be associated with an increased risk of patients developing active tuberculosis. This review aims to summarize what we know about the immune response in tuberculosis, in human disease, and in a range of experimental models, all of which are essential to advancing our mechanistic knowledge base of the host-pathogen interactions that influence disease outcome.
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