Prevalence of peri‐implantitis in patients not participating in well‐designed supportive periodontal treatments: a cross‐sectional study

Abstract Objectives This retrospective cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of biologic complications of implants in patients treated by fixed implant supported prosthesis without regular maintenance program. Materials and methods One hundred thirty‐four patients with 478 implants, installed during a 10‐year period (2001–2010), were recruited for clinical and radiographic follow‐up examinations. The periodontal and implant health status were assessed to determine the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases. Results The mean ± SD loading time for implants was 4.43 ± 2.25 years. Fifty‐five percentage of the implants were tissue‐level implants. Peri‐implantitis was diagnosed in 20% of patients and 8.8% of implants. Subject‐based and implant‐based prevalence of mucositis amounted to 48.5% and 40%, respectively. Mean crestal bone loss in tissue‐level and bone‐level implants were 0.28 ± 0.53 mm and 1.37 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. Smoking and lack of keratinized mucosa was associated with peri‐implantitis at an odds ratio of OR = 2.57 and 3.89, respectively. Conclusions After a 5‐year period of loading without any regular maintenance program, one out of five patients would experience peri‐implantitis. Tissue‐level implants had lower values of peri‐implantitis prevalence and crestal bone loss.