苯丙素
花青素
生物
生物合成
基因
植物
代谢途径
转基因
转基因作物
生物技术
生物化学
作者
Samuel Chaves-Silva,Adolfo Luís dos Santos,Antônio Chalfun-Júnior,Jian Zhao,Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres,Vagner A. Benedito
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.013
摘要
Anthocyanins are naturally occurring flavonoids derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. There is increasing evidence of the preventative and protective roles of anthocyanins against a broad range of pathologies, including different cancer types and metabolic diseases. However, most of the fresh produce available to consumers typically contains only small amounts of anthocyanins, mostly limited to the epidermis of plant organs. Therefore, transgenic and non-transgenic approaches have been proposed to enhance the levels of this phytonutrient in vegetables, fruits, and cereals. Here, were review the current literature on the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in model and crop species, including the structural and regulatory genes involved in the differential pigmentation patterns of plant structures. Furthermore, we explore the genetic regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis and the reasons why it is strongly repressed in specific cell types, in order to create more efficient breeding strategies to boost the biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins in fresh fruits and vegetables.
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