Comparison of various forces acting on magnetic particles in a low-intensity magnetic field: A 3D FEA

Magnetic agglomeration plays a vital role in enhancing the separation of fine magnetic mineral particles. However, the forces causing magnetic agglomeration in wet low-intensity magnetic separators (LIMS) are poorly understood; this calls for improved understanding of various forces (including magnetic force (Fm), magnetic agglomeration force (Fmm), gravity (G)) acting on magnetic particles in the LIMS. In this study, a 3D low-intensity magnetic field (LIMF) with uniform gradient was simulated, and the different forces acting on magnetic particles were calculated in the form of Fmm/Fm and Fmm/G by finite element analysis (FEA). Results show that magnetic agglomeration force has a significant competitive effect on magnetic separation. However, there are still some methods to weaken the effect of magnetic agglomeration force. This study not only provides theoretical guidance for the innovative development of LIMS, but also opens a new perspective for the recovery of strong magnetic minerals from ore resources.