The thermal stability polybenzimidazole was studied in the paper.PBI was synthesized from 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and adipic acid by melting copolycondensatio.Molecular structure and thermal stability of the synthesized polymers were characterized mainly by means of FTIR,TGA,DSC.The results indicated that the melting temperature of the polybenzimidazole with aliphatic hydrocarbon was higher than 400℃,and the copolymer exhibited excellent thermal stability.The starting decomposition temperature was 516℃,and the highest decomposition temperature was 536℃.