The cytological and histochemical observation on the male sterile anther in watermelon G 17 AB line was made,it showed,the tapetum of the male sterile anther was abnormal,consequently,the meiosis of the microspore mother cells was abnormal,the abortion occurred before the tetrads formation,there was no any pollen formation in the anther chambers.The contents of polysaccharide and protein in the male sterile anther were lower.