From the concept of plant stem cell,shoot apical meristem and root apical meristem characteristics,as well as the molecular basis of regulation,the paper summarized the new progress in the study of plant stem cells.The formation and differentiation of plant stem cells were regulated by endogenous signals and exogenous signals,the interaction between endogenous genes and exogenous regulation molecules was explained.At the same time,the research prospect of plant stem cell was forecasted.