The effects of quenching temperature, cooling pattern, temper temperature and temper times on the structure and properties of high carbon and vanadium high speed steel (HSS) roll were researched and the optimal heat treatment technical parameters were determined. The results show that HSS roll quenching in salt bath has high hardenability but not easy producing crackle, the surface hardness is high and even, and has excellent wear resistance,and therefore as compared with cast iron roll,the service life of the steel roll elevated 8.4 time.