Alternatives to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

Abstract Gadolinium-based contrast agents have been used in hundreds of millions of patients in the past 30 years, with an exemplary safety record. However, assumptions made at their inception have been recently challenged, rekindling innovation efforts. This critical review outlines the motivations, technical obstacles, problems, and the most recent published progress toward the creation of alternatives to the existing gadolinium-based contrast agent.