内科学
内分泌学
甲状腺
碘
激素
碘缺乏症
医学
三碘甲状腺素
化学
甲状腺激素受体
甲状腺激素
甲状腺功能
甲状腺过氧化物酶
生物合成
作者
Salvatore Sorrenti,Enke Baldini,Daniele Pironi,Augusto Lauro,Valerio D'Orazi,Francesco Tartaglia,Domenico Tripodi,Eleonora Lori,Federica Gagliardi,Marianna Praticò,Giulio Illuminati,Carlo Boselli,Piergaspare Palumbo,Salvatore Ulisse
出处
期刊:Nutrients
[MDPI AG]
日期:2021-12-14
卷期号:13 (12): 4469-4469
摘要
The present review deals with the functional roles of iodine and its metabolism. The main biological function of iodine concerns its role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THs) by the thyroid gland. In addition, however, further biological roles of iodine have emerged. Precisely, due to its significant action as scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), iodine is thought to represent one of the oldest antioxidants in living organisms. Moreover, iodine oxidation to hypoiodite (IO−) has been shown to possess strong bactericidal as well as antiviral and antifungal activity. Finally, and importantly, iodine has been demonstrated to exert antineoplastic effects in human cancer cell lines. Thus, iodine, through the action of different tissue-specific peroxidases, may serve different evolutionarily conserved physiological functions that, beyond TH biosynthesis, encompass antioxidant activity and defense against pathogens and cancer progression.
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