Inverse Synthetic Aperture LiDAR Imaging of Rough Targets under Small Rotation Angles

Inverse synthetic aperture LiDAR (ISAL) breaks through the limitations of the diffraction limit and achieves ultra-long-distance radar imaging with centimeter-level resolution. However, because ISAL obtains a high resolution, it is accompanied by a high sampling rate and a large data volume, and the processing process is complicated, which is not conducive to fast real-time imaging of ISAL targets. At the same time, considering that actual non-cooperative targets cannot obtain full-angle ISAL images during movement, in this paper, the Kirchhoff approximation method based on two-dimensional Fourier transform is used to calculate the scattering echo of the rough surface of the target, and then, the rough surface scattering echo of the target coordinate system is obtained through coordinate transformation. After vector superposition, the scattered echo and ISAL image of the rough target are finally obtained, and then the influence of the rotation angle on the ISAL imaging of the rough plate and the rough target is discussed. It is found that a small rotation angle range can also achieve clear ISAL imaging of rough targets, and the influence of different roughness on the ISAL imaging results of different rough targets under a small rotation angle is analyzed. When the roughness is decreased, the target scattering mainly comes from coherent scattering, and the target edge becomes sharper. As the roughness increases, the image energy distribution becomes more uniform. Theoretical and simulation experiments verify the feasibility of ISAL imaging of rough targets under small rotation angles.