Is high‐intensity interval training more effective on improving cardiometabolic risk and aerobic capacity than other forms of exercise in overweight and obese youth? A meta‐analysis

Summary Background The scientific interest in high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has greatly increased during recent years. Objective The objective of this meta‐analysis was to determine the effectiveness of HIIT interventions on cardio‐metabolic risk factors and aerobic capacity in overweight and obese youth, in comparison with other forms of exercise. Data sources A computerized search was made using seven databases. Study eligibility criteria The analysis was restricted to studies that examined the effect of HIIT interventions on cardio‐metabolic and/or aerobic capacity in pediatric obesity (6–17 years old). Participants and interventions Nine studies using HIIT interventions were selected ( n = 274). Study appraisal and synthesis methods Standarized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The DerSimonian–Laird approach was used. Results HIIT interventions (4–12 week duration) produced larger decreases in systolic blood pressure (SMD = 0.39; −3.63 mmHg) and greater increases in maximum oxygen uptake (SMD = 0.59; 1.92 ml/kg/min) than other forms of exercise. Also, type of comparison exercise group and duration of study were moderators. Conclusions HIIT could be considered a more effective and time‐efficient intervention for improving blood pressure and aerobic capacity levels in obese youth in comparison to other types of exercise. © 2016 World Obesity