Risk factors and outcomes of macrosomia in China: a multicentric survey based on birth data

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and outcomes of macrosomia in China.Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study conducted in China. 178 709 singletons weighing ≥ 2500 g with gestational ages of 37–44 weeks were included. We compared the macrosomia group (with birth weight (BW) ≥ 4000 g) with the nornosomic control group (weighting 2500–3999 g).Results: The total prevalence of macrosomia was 8.70%. The strongest risk factors correlated with macrosomia were maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The risks of obstetric and neonatal complications increased when infants had a BW of ≥4000 g.Conclusions: Obesity and GDM are the most prominent risk factors for macrosomia, and macrosomia is associated with adverse maternal and neonate outcomes. Therefore, monitoring and controlling maternal weight and blood glucose could decrease the prevalence of macrosomia or improve its poor outcomes.