Agri-Energy-Environment Synergy-Based Distributed Energy Planning in Rural Areas

Rural passive distribution networks can no longer meet the modern agricultural electrification and cleanliness requirements, and it is urgent to carry out distributed energy planning construction in rural areas. This paper studies the theoretical and methodological aspects of distributed energy planning in rural areas considering crop growth mechanisms. In light of the effects of agricultural load control on agricultural production, we have created a facility-based agricultural load control model rooted in crop physiological ecology. The proposed model encompasses electric irrigation, high-pressure sodium lighting and heating loads. In response to the impact of agricultural load control on carbon emissions in the energy system, carbon cycling within the agricultural and energy systems has been analyzed and modeled. Considering the significant differences in greenhouse load requirements at different growth stages of different crops, the distributed energy planning model is established based on representative daily profiles that reflect typical crop growth patterns. The proposed model constraints encompass constraints related to the healthy growth of crops and constraints within the energy system, with the optimization goal set to minimize the 15-year planning cost. We validate the planning model by applying it to a case study involving a rural energy system in Hebei Province, China, with an annual electricity consumption of 5,600,376 kWh. The adoption of this model led to a cost reduction of 7.3 ×105 CNY compared to conventional planning methods. The collaborative synergy between agriculture, energy, and the environment manifested in an annual carbon reduction benefit (ACRB) of 1.7×104CNY from photovoltaic generation and an ACRB of 1.2×104 CNY from greenhouse gas absorption.