Touch initiated on-demand adhesion on rough surfaces

Reversible adhesion with on-demand attachment and detachment is used by many animals for their locomotion. However, achieving robust and switchable adhesion on rough surfaces in artificial adhesives remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a snail mucus-inspired touch-initiate adhesive (TIA), showing robust adhesions on various surfaces. TIA is a polymeric hydrogel photo-cured with the presence of supersaturated sodium acetate (NaAc) in the precursor solution. TIA is soft and flexible at room temperature, allowing it to form conformal contact with objects with various surfaces. The contact with the target surface immediately initiates the crystallization of TIA, increasing the elastic modulus of TIA by an order of magnitude. The increased modulus and the interlocking with the target surfaces thus results in an adhesion strength up to 465.56 ± 84.05 kPa. TIA can be easily detached from the surface by heating to a temperature above 58 °C, showing an adhesion strength of 12.71 ± 2.73 kPa. The detached TIA, even cooled down to and kept at room temperature, is readily used for the subsequent adhesion. The study here not only provides a highly adhesive material for on-demand attachment to various surfaces, but also proposes a new design strategy to compose smart materials.