Recent advancements in DNA nanotechnology-enabled extracellular vesicles detection and diagnosis: A mini review

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanosized vesicles widely recognized for their critical roles in various pathophysiological processes. Molecular analysis of EVs is currently being considered an emerging tool for diseases diagnosis. However, the small size and heterogeneity of EVs has staggered the EVs research for diseases diagnosis. DNA nanotechnology enables self-assembly of versatile DNA nanostructures and has shown enormous potential in assisting EVs biosensing. In this review, we briefly introduce the recent advances in DNA nanotechnology approaches for EVs detection. The approaches were categorized based on the dimension of DNA nanostructures. We provide critical evaluation of these approaches, and summarize the pros and cons of specific methods. Further, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives in this field.