衰退
扩频
阿罗哈
传输(电信)
计算机科学
计算机网络
跳频扩频
电子工程
频道(广播)
无线
电信
吞吐量
工程类
作者
Alireza Maleki,Ha H. Nguyen,Ebrahim Bedeer,Robert Barton
出处
期刊:IEEE Internet of Things Journal
[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
日期:2023-01-01
卷期号:: 1-1
标识
DOI:10.1109/jiot.2023.3329361
摘要
In this paper, we present a device-to-device (D2D) transmission scheme for aiding long-range frequency hopping spread spectrum (LR-FHSS) LoRaWAN protocol with application in direct-to-satellite IoT networks. We consider a practical ground-to-satellite fading model, i.e. shadowed-Rice channel, and derive the outage performance of the LR-FHSS network. With the help of network coding, a D2D-aided LR-FHSS transmission scheme is proposed to improve the network capacity for which a closed-form outage probability expression is also derived. The obtained analytical expressions for both LR-FHSS and D2D-aided LR-FHSS outage probabilities are validated by computer simulations for different parts of the analysis capturing the effects of noise, fading, unslotted ALOHA-based time scheduling, the receiver’s capture effect, IoT device distributions, and distance from node to satellite. The total outage probability for the D2D-aided LR-FHSS shows a considerable increase of 249.9% and 150.1% in network capacity at a typical outage of 10-2 for the data rates of DR6 (325 bps) and DR5 (162 bps), respectively, when compared to LR-FHSS. This is obtained at the cost of a minimum of one and a maximum of two additional transmissions per IoT end device imposed by the D2D scheme in each time slot.
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