Global, Regional, and National Burden of Dermatitis from 1990 to 2021, and Forecasts to 2050: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Dermatitis significantly impacts global health, affecting both physical discomfort and mental health. However, its full scope remains under-appreciated, necessitating further analysis to inform effective public health strategies. Objective: This research aims to provide an updated assessment of the global, regional, and national burden of dermatitis using data from Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Methods: We analyzed incidence cases, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDR) by region, sex, age, and disease type. Temporal trends were examined using percentage change and estimated annual percentage change. Results: In 2021, dermatitis caused 405 million incidence cases and 8.2 million DALYs, reflecting a 63% and 32% increase from 1990, respectively. ASIR and ASDR were stable overall but varied significantly by demographic factors. Females exhibited higher ASIR and ASDR than males. A negative correlation was found between socio-demographic index (SDI) and ASIR (r = -0.62, P < 0.001), while ASDR correlated positively with SDI (r = 0.69, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Dermatitis burden continues to rise, driven primarily by population growth. Significant disparities persist across regions, ages, and sexes and targeted interventions are urgently needed.