[Chinese guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and management of lupus nephritis (2025)].

Since the first edition of "Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis" launched in 2019, extensive clinical research has been conducted both domestically and internationally regarding the diagnosis, treatment and management of lupus nephritis, yielding substantial new evidence. Therefore, it is necessary to update the guideline. To this end, a guideline working group consisting of multidisciplinary experts was convened and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system were employed to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations, in the form of "Recommendation" and "Practical point". The "Chinese guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and management of lupus nephritis (2025)" focused on updating the induction and maintenance treatment of lupus nephritis, and the treatment of special classes and refractory lupus nephritis. It also included the management of patients with lupus nephritis and the assessment and treatment of relevant complications. The current guideline aims to provide guidance and reference for clinicians in treatment decision-making and disease management.