Effects of Bisphenol A and Retinoic Acid Exposure on Neuron and Brain Formation: A Study in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Zebrafish Embryos

Our findings suggest a mechanistic link between chemical exposure and neurodevelopmental impairments and demonstrate involvement of exogenous RA signaling in endocrine disruption. Further investigation is needed to explore why BPA alone did not affect endogenous RA signaling, whereas exogenous RA signaling was potentiated with RA/BPA coexposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15574.