Recent research progress on the role of BCL2 in cancer and related drugs

B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) proteins are a family of proteins that all have Bcl-2 homologous (BH) structural domains, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, Bak and Bid. most Bcl-2 proteins have four BH structural domains (BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4) which interact with each other. Although the bcl-2 family of proteins has long been recognized as a dominant regulator of apoptosis, beginning in the late 1990s, Sierra et al. found that bcl-2 not only limited the regulation of cell death, but also played an important role in cell migration, invasion, and tumor metastasis. In order to prove this idea, the literature on bcl- 2 family proteins was reviewed to understand the effects of bcl-2 family proteins on tumour invasion and metastasis and to investigate small molecule drugs for bcl-2 and microRNAs targeting bcl-2 inhibition. This article focuses on four main aspects of the bcl family, namely the bcl-2 composition, bcl mutation sites and their effect on tumour cell invasion and metastasis, the relationship between pro-apoptotic proteins and tumours and bcl-2 small molecule resistance. Expected to provide a theoretical basis for understanding drug studies of bcl inhibition of tumor metastasis.