Exploring the Potential Health Benefits of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides Produced Using an Innovative Metabolic Synthesis Technique

Background: Extracted from mushrooms, β-glucan polysaccharides have attracted considerable attention from researchers and industry due to their hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory activities, tumor inhibition, and other health benefits. The development of a novel metabolic synthesis technique, a breakthrough in adversity management, allows for the mass production of active polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum . Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides produced using this technique and their products in inhibiting metabolic syndrome, as well as anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Results: The results demonstrated that the β-1,3;1,6-glucan content of the mycelia extract of Ganoderma lucidum produced by this technique was as high as 73.0%. Both original extracts and the sterilized treatment effectively inhibit the activities of amylase, lipase, and ACE metabolic enzymes. Furthermore, they were observed to significantly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, SW620 and HCT116, in vitro . The extracts were also demonstrated to be statistically significant in inhibiting the production of nitric oxide, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in both a prophylactic and inflammatory model in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The powdered products made from the extracts with the addition of excipients did not lose their efficacy due to the reduction in the concentration of active polysaccharides, and these products retained their activity, especially in antitumor proliferative activity. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the developed Ganoderma lucidum mycelium extract has the potential for industrial production of health food products.