Performance analysis of PSK systems in the presence of slow fading, imperfect carrier phase recovery, and AWGN

Using Fourier series expansion and associated Legendre functions, the average bit error probability (BEP) of the binary and quaternary phase shift keying (BPSK and QPSK respectively) on a single channel (no diversity) in the presence of different kinds of slow fading channels (Rayleigh, Nakagami-m, and Rician), phase recovery error, and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) has been evaluated. The detection loss for both of BPSK and QPSK has been calculated. The series expressions of the average BEP proposed in our study are found to be converged with reasonable number of terms. The accuracy of the results is verified by computer simulation. Although our approach is devoted for the PSK systems, it can be easily extended to other modulation schemes and noise impairments