Thermosensitive Hydrogel Derived from a Human Amniotic Membrane Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing

: ∼12.75-27 min), high water content (>97%), and >60% porosity. All formulations supported >70% cell viability at 24 h and >300% proliferation at 72 h, with negligible ROS production, minimal apoptosis, and preserved cytoskeletal integrity. The proteomic analysis confirmed the maintenance of matrisome proteins related to epithelial differentiation, angiogenesis, and tissue repair. The in vivo study demonstrated that the AM ECM hydrogel accelerated wound healing, evidenced by early wound closure, along with vascular stabilization, regulated inflammatory response, and ECM stabilization compared to those of the control group. These findings collectively demonstrate that AM ECM hydrogel treatment in diabetic mice ameliorates wound pathology, as evidenced by reduced severity, a modulated inflammatory response, and decreased fibrotic burden.