Interaction between mitral valve apparatus and left ventricle. Functional mitral regurgitation: A brief state-of-the-art overview

In this overview, we described the mitral valve anatomy, focusing on its anatomical and functional relationships with the left ventricle (LV), and how an impaired coordination between the two can lead to valvular dysfunction with serious clinical consequences.In the 1 st part of this overview, we sought to describe the anatomy of the mitral valve apparatus.In the 2 nd part, we sought to analyze the interactions of the LV with the mitral valve, the possible etiologies that cause mitral regurgitation (MR), and therapeutic strategies that can be utilized nowadays in the effort to reinstate normal valvular function.The comprehension of these mechanisms makes it possible to implement appropriate therapeutic solutions in order to alleviate the burden of mitral valve disease.