According to the effect of water level drawdown on the landslide of earth rock dams,based on saturatedunsaturated seepage theory,the Xinji reservoir homogeneous earth dam was studied. The unstable seepage field changing rules at different drawdown rate were analyzed,and the safety factor of the dam under the action of seepage was calculated. Meanwhile the phreatic line within the dam and the dam slope stability were analysed when the reservoir water level was decreased from the 35 m-normal water level to the 5 m-lowest water level with the speed of0. 1 m / d,0. 5 m / d,1 m / d,3 m / d,6 m / d,10 m / d,from which the dam phreatic line and slope safety factor variations with the rate of water level drawdown were obtained. All of this will provide references for the stability analysis and safety evaluation of Xinji reservoir dam.