Fertigation (Integrated management of water and fertilizer) aims to control irrigation water and nutrient application comprehensively according to crop requirements, in order to promote fertilizer nutrients uptake by water, and to enhance water and nutrient use efficiency in farmland. This paper analyzed the necessary development of fertigation, reviewed the develop status of fertigation in China and other countries, and to show the extension technologies in the world. It is suggested that fertigation is an important way to promote the efficient use of water and fertilizer resources.