A ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on a bifunctional Cu-MOF nanozyme for dual-signal detection of glyphosate in actual samples

sites in the MOF, thereby inhibiting the oxidase activity and reducing oxOPD production. This results in reduced fluorescence quenching at 435 nm and decreased the emission intensity at 570 nm. This ratiometric sensor exhibits high selectivity toward GLY, with a linear range of 0-14 µM and a detection limit of 43 nM. Additionally, we developed a smartphone-based detection platform. By capturing fluorescence images and processing RGB values, this platform enables rapid on-site detection, providing a practical solution for GLY monitoring.