Investigation of Dielectric Properties of Lead-Free BaTiO3 Ceramic at Different Sintering Temperatures

In the present study, Barium titanate (BaTiO3) was produced using the conventional solid-state sintering technique at three distinct sintering temperatures: 1000, 1100, and 1200°C. It was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction pattern that the perovskite phase was formed without secondary peaks and that the presence of the tetragonal phase was observed near room temperature. Upon conducting a frequency- dependent dielectric study, it was found that ceramic sintered at 1100°C exhibited a high dielectric constant of εrt=1812 at room temperature while also exhibiting low dielectric losses of tanδ=0.04. The high Curie temperature (Tc=125°C) of ceramic produced at 1100°C is revealed by temperature- dependent dielectric experiments conducted at a constant frequency of 1 kHz. The dielectric constant increased with increasing temperature (50–125°C) and then gradually decreased with increasing temperature and showed a relatively high magnitude of permittivity (εmax~1200) at higher frequency. The enhanced values of Curie temperature and the dielectric constant at room temperature, along with the low dielectric losses in the vast frequency ranges of the ceramics that were prepared at 1100°C, suggest that this ceramic material has the potential to be a suitable candidate for being developed into a dielectric material that is economically feasible.