生物燃料
木质纤维素生物量
生物量(生态学)
可再生能源
生物转化
生物能源
环境科学
生物柴油
可再生资源
制浆造纸工业
化石燃料
废物管理
生物技术
生化工程
化学
发酵
工程类
农学
食品科学
生物
生物化学
电气工程
催化作用
作者
Shabih Fatma,Amir Hameed,Muhammad Noman,Temoor Ahmed,Muhammad Shahid,Mohsin Tariq,Imran Sohail,Romana Tabassum
出处
期刊:Protein and Peptide Letters
[Bentham Science]
日期:2018-05-02
卷期号:25 (2): 148-163
被引量:133
标识
DOI:10.2174/0929866525666180122144504
摘要
Background: Increasing population and industrialization are continuously oppressing the existing energy resources and depleting the global fuel reservoirs. The elevated pollutions from the continuous consumption of non-renewable fossil fuels also seriously contaminating the surrounding environment. The use of alternate energy sources can be an environment-friendly solution to cope these challenges. Among the renewable energy sources biofuels (biomass-derived fuels) can serve as a better alternative to reduce the reliance on non-renewable fossil fuels. Bioethanol is one of the most widely consumed biofuels of today's world. Objective: The main objective of this review is to highlight the significance of lignocellulosic biomass as a potential source for the production of biofuels like bioethanol, biodiesel or biogas. Methods: We discuss the application of various methods for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to end products i.e. biofuels. The lignocellulosic biomass must be pretreated to disintegrate lignocellulosic complexes and to expose its chemical components for downstream processes. After pretreatment, the lignocellulosic biomass is then subjected to saccharification either via acidic or enzymatic hydrolysis. Thereafter, the monomeric sugars resulted from hydrolysis step are further processed into biofuel i.e. bioethanol, biodiesel or butanol etc. through the fermentation process. The fermented impure product is then purified through the distillation process to obtain pure biofuel. Conclusion: Renewable energy sources represent the potential fuel alternatives to overcome the global energy crises in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner. In future, biofuels may replenish the conventional non-renewable energy resources due to their renewability and several other advantages. Lignocellulosic biomass offers the most economical biomass to generate biofuels. However, extensive research is required for the commercial production of an efficient integrated biotransformation process for the production of lignocellulose mediated biofuels. Keywords: Biofuel, biomass, cellulose, ethanol, hemicellulose, lignocellulosic, pretreatment.
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