Interventional Endoscopy for Palliation of Luminal Gastrointestinal Obstructions in Management of Cancer: Practical Guide for Oncologists

Self-expanding metal stents placed during endoscopy are increasingly the first-line treatment for luminal obstruction caused by esophageal, gastroduodenal, and colorectal malignancies in patients who are not candidates for definitive surgical resection. In this review, we provide a practical guide for clinicians to optimise patient and procedure selection for endoscopic stenting in malignant gastrointestinal obstructions. The role of endoscopic stenting in each of the major anatomical systems (esophageal, gastroduodenal, and colorectal) is presented with regard to pre-procedural patient evaluation, procedural techniques, clinical outcomes, and potential complications, as well as post-procedure aftercare.