Structurally Diverse Flavonoids from Citrus medica L. Var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Their Multiple Bioactivities: A Review

Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle is the fruit of Citrus L., which belongs to the Rutaceae family. It has the effects of soothing liver and regulating qi, relieving pain in stomach, drying dampness and resolving phlegm in the clinical aspect of traditional Chinese medicine. There are many kinds of chemical components in C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle, which mainly including flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids, volatile oils and other compounds. With the continuous in-depth study of C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle at home and abroad, it is gradually determined that flavonoids are the important material basis for its pharmacological effect. In order to further clarify the chemical structure characteristics and pharmacological activities of flavonoids in C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle, the chemical components and pharmacological effects of flavonoids reported in recent years are reviewed, which provide reference for the in-depth study of flavonoids in C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle.