Antiferroelectric SnO2 Network with Amorphous Surface for Electrochemical N2 Fixation

and a FE of 33.26%, representing one of the highest reported values among aqueous-phase ammonia synthesis catalysts. These breakthroughs not only establish a universal design framework for gas-involving electrocatalysts but also pioneer an integrated strategy to elevate nitrogen utilization efficiency in next-generation sustainable energy infrastructures.