Mediating Role of Blood Metabolites in the Relationship Between Immune Cell Traits and Heart Failure: A Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown a significant association between immune cells and heart failure (HF). Nevertheless, the precise biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. METHODS: <0.05) decrease the likelihood that the observational results are due to chance. RESULTS: =0.028) was associated with a reduced risk of HF. Moreover, our results also demonstrated that the association between HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ and HF was possibly mediated by Octadecanedioate levels, with a mediation proportion of 21.4% [95% CI, 43.7 -0.998]. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of HLA DR on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+ in the development of HF, with Octadecanedioate levels acting as a possible mediator in this pathway.