Analysis of Thermal Management Performance of Thermoelectrically Cooled Batteries Based on Metal Heat Dissipation

With global climate change and the reduction of non-renewable resources, promoting the development of new energy vehicles has become an important measure to realize "carbon neutral and peak carbon", and an efficient thermal management system for power batteries is the key guarantee for the performance of the equipment. The paper proposes a high-efficiency thermal management system consisting of a metal heat sink and a thermoelectric module, and through experiments, we study the temperature changes of the hot and cold ends of the TEC under different working conditions, and the effects on the temperature uniformity of the battery pack and the power consumption ratio, to obtain the optimal operating parameters. Experimental results show that under high current conditions, the energy consumption of Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) accounts for more than 5% of the total energy of the battery, which affects the battery range; while under low current conditions from 0.6 A to 0.8 A, the refrigeration efficiency of TEC balances with the heat generation of the battery, and the growth of energy consumption tends to increase gently, with a ratio of energy consumption from 1.13% to 1.91%. Not only does the TEC ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery module under low-current conditions, but also the energy consumption control performance is good, which provides a solution idea for the development of thermal management of new energy vehicle batteries.