One-stage reconstruction using a fibula osteocutaneous free flap and an anterolateral thigh free flap for an extensive composite defect after en bloc resection of squamous cell carcinoma on the mouth floor, mandible, and anterior neck: A CARE-compliant case report

Rationale: Although regional metastasis to the lymph nodes is common in advanced oral cancer, extensive local invasion into surrounding structures such as the mandible, skin and soft tissue of the neck, and masticator space is relatively rare. Sometimes surgical treatment cannot be performed and only palliative chemotherapy and radiation therapy are offered to preserve the quality of life of patients with advanced oral cancer. Nevertheless, the surgical resection of tumors remains the most effective treatment. This study presents a case of aggressive mouth floor cancer in which extensive composite defects on the mouth floor, oral mucosa, mandible, skin and soft tissue of the neck caused by tumor resection were reconstructed. Patient concerns: A 66-year-old man and a 65-year-old man with no significant personal or family history visited our clinic due to a large and multiple masses on the floor of the mouth and both sides of the neck. Diagnosis: Histopathological evaluation of the biopsy specimen revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Interventions: A fibula osteocutaneous free flap and customized titanium plate were used for the intraoral lining. Mandibular reconstruction was performed using a 3D-printed bone model, and an anterolateral thigh free flap was used to resurface the anterior of the neck. Outcomes: Reconstruction using this method was successful, and excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes were achieved without cancer recurrence. Lessons: This study show that the reconstruction of extensive composite defects of the oral mucosa, mandible, and neck soft tissue following surgical resection of mouth floor cancer can be performed in a single-stage operation. Through a single-stage reconstruction, both excellent functional aspects without cancer recurrence and satisfactory aesthetic outcomes can be obtained.